officinalis) has a history of use in traditional Chinese medicine in which it is known as shānzhūyú, 山茱萸 and used to retain the jing. The fruit of Cornus mas (together with the fruit of C. In Armenia, Cornus berries are used to make vodka. It is widely used in Azerbaijan to make pickles, added to rice or make beverages. It has an acidic flavor which is best described as a mixture of cranberry and sour cherry. When ripe, the fruit is dark ruby red or a bright yellow. It is also used in Eastern Europe, the UK, and British Columbia, Canada, but the unripe fruit is astringent. The fruit is edible and widely popular in Iran, where it is believed to have various medicinal properties and provide health benefits. When ripe on the plant, they bear a resemblance to coffee berries, and ripen in mid- to late summer. The fruit is an oblong red drupe 2 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter, containing a single seed. The flowers are small (5–10 mm in diameter), with four yellow petals, produced in clusters of 10–25 together in the late winter (between February and March in the UK), well before the leaves appear. The leaves are opposite, 4–10 cm long and 2–4 cm broad, with an ovate to oblong shape and an entire margin. It is a medium to large deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 5–12 m tall, with dark brown branches and greenish twigs. (all credits and rights of the Wikipedia source apply)Ĭornus mas, commonly known as cornel (also the Cornelian cherry, European cornel or Cornelian cherry dogwood), is a species of shrub or small tree in the dogwood family Cornaceae native to Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Southwestern Asia.
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